Elementary Skills Report Information

In kindergarten, Reading and Fluency standards focus on helping students understand what they read and hear. This includes teaching them to ask and answer questions about a story, retell key details, identify the main idea, and describe characters, settings, and events. Students will begin making sense of stories and information, which builds a strong foundation for deeper reading skills.

RL.K.2 Retell familiar stories, including key details
Students learn to retell stories they know, like fairy tales or books read in class, by talking about the most important parts—like what happened at the beginning, middle, and end.

RI.K.2 Identify the main topic & retell key details of a text
Students learn to figure out what a nonfiction text is mostly about and share a few important details that support that main idea.

RF.K.4 Students read emergent-reader texts with purpose and understanding
Students practice reading simple books in a way that shows they understand the story or information and why they are reading it.

In kindergarten, writers learn to express their thoughts through pictures and simple sentences across three genres: narrative, informative, and opinion writing. Students learn to draw and label their ideas, write complete sentences, spell phonetically, apply basic punctuation, and share their stories with classmates. By exploring letters, sounds, and proper spacing, we lay a strong foundation for effective writing.

W.K.1 Write opinion pieces

Students will use drawing and writing to share their opinion about a topic or book, like saying why they like a favorite story or object.

W.K.2 Write informative/explanatory texts

Students will use drawing and writing to share facts or information about a topic they choose, like naming an animal and describing something about it.

W.K.3 Write narratives

Students will use drawing and writing to tell a story about something that happened, explaining the events in the right order and sharing how they felt about it.

SL.K.1 Participate in collaborative conversations

In kindergarten, Speaking and listening skills help children develop essential communication skills. Students learn to express their thoughts clearly, ask questions, and share ideas with their peers.

In kindergarten, Counting and Cardinality standards focus on helping students understand numbers and develop basic counting skills. The goal is for students to count objects accurately, understand that the last number they say when counting tells them how many there are (this is called cardinality), and compare numbers. A student might count five blocks, saying, “1, 2, 3, 4, 5.” When asked, “How many blocks do you have?” they understand that the answer is "5" — that’s the total number of blocks. 

K.CC.A.1-3 - Know number names & the count sequence
Students count to 100 by ones and tens, start counting from any number (like starting at 5 instead of 1), and write numbers from 0 to 20. They will also match numbers to groups of objects, like writing "3" to show a group of 3 apples, and understand that "0" means there are no objects.

K.CC.B.4-5 - Count to tell the number of objects
Students learn numbers represent amounts and the last number they say tells how many objects are in a group. They will practice counting up to 20 objects in different arrangements, up to 10 scattered objects, and can count out a specific number of objects when asked.

K.CC.C.6-7 - Compare numbers 
Students compare groups of objects to decide if one group has more, less, or the same amount as another group, using counting or matching. They will also practice comparing two numbers between 1 and 10 when they see them written down.

K.OA.A.1-5 Understand addition as combining & subtraction as taking apart
In kindergarten, Operations and Algebraic Thinking standards help students learn basic addition and subtraction, focusing on combining and separating numbers. For example, if a student has three apples and gets two more, they can count to find they have five apples. If they start with five apples and give two away, they count to see they have three left. Students will solve problems using objects, fingers, or drawings, and practice adding and subtracting within 10. They will also learn to break numbers into pairs, like 5 = 2 + 3, and discover which numbers add to 1-9 to make 10, building their confidence with simple math. 

K.NBT.A.1 Work with numbers 11–19 to gain foundations for place value
In kindergarten, Numbers and Operations in Base Ten standards help students understand numbers 11–19 as “ten and some more.” For example, if a student has 13 blocks, they can see it as one group of ten blocks and three individual blocks. This builds a foundation for understanding place value. Students will practice breaking apart numbers like 18 into "10 and 8 more" (18 = 10 + 8), using objects, drawings, or simple equations. This helps them understand how numbers are structured and prepares them for working with larger numbers in the future.

In kindergarten, Measurement and Data standards focus on teaching students to describe, compare, and sort objects by different attributes, such as length, weight, and color. They also learn to categorize objects and count the number in each category. A student might compare two pencils and say, “This pencil is longer than that one,” or sort blocks by color and count how many are in each color group. These skills help students understand how to analyze and organize information, which is essential for problem-solving and data skills as they grow.

K.MD.A.1-2 Describe & compare measurable attributes
Students describe things they can measure, like how long, tall, or heavy an object is. They will also compare two objects with the same measurable feature, like saying which is taller, shorter, heavier, or lighter, and explain the difference. For example, they might compare the height of two kids and say, "This one is taller."

K.MD.B.3 Classify objects & count the number of objects in each category
Students sort objects into groups based on a category, like color, shape, or size. They will count how many objects are in each group and compare the groups by size. For example, they might sort blocks by color, count 3 red blocks and 5 blue blocks, and see which group has more.

In kindergarten, Geometry standards focus on helping students identify, describe, and compare shapes, both in two dimensions (like circles and squares) and three dimensions (like cubes and cones). Kids learn to name shapes, understand their basic features, and recognize them in different orientations and sizes. A student might recognize that a door is shaped like a rectangle, or describe a ball as being round like a circle, even if it’s turned in different ways. These skills help students build spatial awareness and understand how shapes fit into the world around them, setting the stage for more complex geometry in later grades.

K.G.A.1-3 Identify & describe shapes
Students name shapes they see around them, like circles, squares, and cubes, no matter how they are turned or sized. They’ll also describe where objects are, using words like above, below, beside, in front of, behind, and next to. They’ll practice identifying shapes as flat (like a circle) or solid (like a ball).

K.G.B.4-6 Analyze, compare, create, & compose shapes
Students compare flat and solid shapes, talking about their similarities and differences, like the number of sides, corners, or equal-length sides. They will also practice building larger shapes by joining smaller ones together. For example, they might combine two triangles with their sides touching to form a rectangle. They’ll use objects like sticks and clay or draw shapes to help model them in the world around them.

In kindergarten, students explore the world around them! They will learn to ask questions, make observations, and conduct simple experiments. Through hands-on activities, they will discover concepts related to living things, earth, weather, and materials. This encourages curiosity and helps develop critical thinking skills as they learn to observe, predict, and share their findings.

In kindergarten, students develop important skills like running, jumping, throwing, and catching. They will learn to work together with others, follow directions, and understand the importance of staying active and healthy. Through fun games and activities, we focus on building coordination, balance, and teamwork while encouraging a love for physical activity!

 

 

Students practice retelling stories they’ve read or heard, making sure to include the main events and key details. They’ll also show they understand the main message or lesson of the story, like why the characters' actions are important or what the story teaches us.

 

In 1st Grade Writing standards help students develop skills to write different types of texts. For narrative writing, they will learn to tell stories with a clear beginning, middle, and end, using details to describe events and characters. In informational writing, students will practice writing facts about a topic, organizing their ideas with key details. For opinion writing, they will learn to share their thoughts on a topic and support their opinions with reasons. These skills help students express themselves through writing and organizing their ideas clearly.

W.1.1 Write opinion pieces

Students write their opinions about a topic or book. They will introduce what they are writing about, share their opinion, explain why they feel that way, and wrap up their writing with a conclusion. For example, they might write, "I think the book is great because it’s fun to read," and then share their reasons and finish with a closing sentence.

W.1.2 Write informative/explanatory texts

Students write informative pieces where they choose a topic, share a few interesting facts about it, and finish with a concluding sentence. For example, they might write about cats, saying, "Cats have sharp claws. They like to sleep a lot. They are good at catching mice," and then end with, "Cats make great pets."

W.1.3 Write narratives

Students write stories where they tell about two or more events in the right order. They will include details about what happened and use words like "first," "next," and "finally" to show the sequence. They’ll also finish their story with a closing sentence. For example, they might write, "First, I went to the park. Next, I played on the swings. Finally, I went home and had a snack."

In 1st grade, Operations and Algebraic Thinking standards help students build a basic understanding of addition and subtraction. They will learn to solve simple addition and subtraction problems within 20, understand how addition and subtraction are related, and work with equations. Students will also practice solving word problems and using strategies like counting on or using a related fact. These skills help students develop problem-solving abilities and prepare them for more advanced math concepts.

1.OA.A.1-2 Represent & solve problems involving addition & subtraction

Students solve word problems using addition and subtraction within 20, like figuring out how many apples are left or added. They also work on adding three numbers with a total of 20 or less. To solve these, they can use tools like drawings, objects, or simple equations with a blank or question mark for the missing number. For example, if Maria has 2 red balls, 4 blue balls, and 3 green balls, they add them to find she has 9 balls in total.

1.OA.B.3-4 Use properties & relationships of addition & subtraction

Students learn to use strategies for addition and subtraction based on how numbers work. They discover that switching the order in addition doesn’t change the answer (like 8 + 3 = 11 and 3 + 8 = 11) and group numbers in smart ways to add more easily (like 2 + 6 + 4 can be solved as 2 + 10 = 12). For subtraction, they think about it like “What number do I add?” For example, to solve 10 - 8, they ask, “What plus 8 equals 10?” (Answer: 2).

1.OA.C.5-6 Add & subtract within 20

Students use counting to help them add and subtract, like starting at 5 and counting up 2 to find 5 + 2. They work on quickly solving addition and subtraction problems within 10 and use strategies for harder problems, like breaking numbers apart or making 10 first. For example, to solve 8 + 6, they might think of 8 + 2 = 10, then add the remaining 4 to get 14. They also learn how addition and subtraction are connected, like knowing if 8 + 4 = 12, then 12 – 8 = 4.

1.OA.D.7-8 Work with addition & subtraction equations

Students learn what the equal sign means—it shows that both sides of an equation are the same. They decide if equations like 6 = 6 or 5 + 2 = 2 + 5 are true or false. They also find missing numbers in equations, like solving 8 + ? = 11 by figuring out the missing number is 3, or 5 = ? – 3 by realizing the missing number is 8. This helps them understand how numbers and operations work together.

In 1st grade, Numbers and Operations in Base Ten standards help students understand place value and work with larger numbers. They will learn that two-digit numbers are made up of tens and ones (for example, 23 is two tens and three ones) and use this understanding to compare numbers. Children will also practice adding and subtracting within 100, using place value to make calculations easier. These skills help students build a solid foundation for working with numbers as they progress in math.

1.NBT.A.1 Extend the counting sequence

Students practice counting up to 120, starting from any number less than 120. They learn to read and write these numbers and connect them to groups of objects to show how numbers represent quantities. For example, they might count a group of 23 blocks, write the number 23, and say, "This group has 23 blocks." They also practice counting forward from numbers like 87 all the way to 120 to strengthen their number sense.

1.NBT.B.2-3 Understand place value

Students learn that two-digit numbers are made up of tens and ones. For example, the number 15 is made of one "ten" (10) and five ones (5). They also understand that numbers from 11 to 19 are combinations of one ten and one to nine ones, like 13 (one ten and three ones). Numbers like 20, 30, and 40 represent two, three, or four tens with zero ones. This helps students understand place value and how numbers are built.

1.NBT.C.4-6 Use place value to add & subtract within 100

Students compare two two-digit numbers by looking at the tens and ones places to understand which number is greater, smaller, or if they are equal. For example, if comparing 42 and 35, students look at the tens digits first: 4 tens (40) is greater than 3 tens (30), so 42 is greater than 35. They can write this as 42 > 35. If the tens digits are the same, they then compare the ones digits. For example, comparing 56 and 58, both have 5 tens, so they look at the ones digits: 6 is less than 8, so 56 < 58. This helps students understand how numbers relate to each other using place value.

In 1st grade, Measurement and Data standards focus on teaching students how to measure and compare objects and organize information. They will learn to measure lengths using smaller objects as units (like using paper clips to measure a pencil) and compare lengths to see which is longer or shorter. Children will also practice telling time to the hour and half-hour and organizing data by sorting objects into categories. These skills help students understand and work with measurements and data in everyday situations.

1.MD.A.1-2 Measure lengths indirectly & by iterating length units

Students learn to measure and compare objects by length. They can order three objects from shortest to longest and use a third object to compare two others. To measure an object, they lay several copies of a shorter object (like paper clips) end to end, making sure there are no gaps or overlaps. The number of paper clips shows how long the object is in whole units.

1.MD.B.3 Tell & write time

Students learn to tell and write time in hours and half-hours using both analog and digital clocks. They practice reading time to the hour (e.g., 3:00) and to the half-hour (e.g., 3:30), understanding how to show these times on both types of clocks.

1.MD.C.4 Represent & interpret data

Students organize and represent data in up to three categories, and use this information to ask and answer questions. They practice figuring out the total number of items, how many are in each category, and how one category compares to another (e.g., how many more or less items are in one category).

1.G.A.1-3 Reasons with shapes & their attributes

In 1st grade, students learn to identify the important features of shapes, called defining attributes (like a triangle having three sides), and recognize non-defining attributes (like color or size). They practice drawing and building shapes with specific attributes, such as rectangles, squares, and triangles. They also learn to combine shapes to create new ones. In addition, they explore how to divide circles and rectangles into equal parts, using terms like halves, fourths, and quarters, and understand that smaller pieces come from dividing into more parts.

In 2nd grade, Reading and Fluency standards focus on reading smoothly and understanding what is read. Students will practice reading to themselves and out loud with Fluency (accuracy and expression) as these help understand the text. Students will also learn to retell stories (including key details, and understand the main idea). Doing this with both fiction and nonfiction texts. These skills build confidence in reading complex texts and increase reading enjoyment.

RL&RI.2.1 Ask & answer questions to understand key details

Students are expected to ask and also answer questions like "who," "what," "where," "when," "why," and "how" to show that they understand the important details in a story or text. For example, after reading a story, they might answer questions such as, "Who is the main character?" OR while reading a story, generate clarifying questions related to the story such as,"Why did the character just do that!?". This creates better understanding about what is being read.

RL.2.2 Recount stories & determine their central message, lesson, or moral

Students are asked to retell stories, including fables and folktales from different cultures, and identify the main message or lesson the story teaches. For example, after reading a fable like "The Tortoise and the Hare," they might explain that the lesson is "slow and steady wins the race." This helps them understand the deeper meaning of the story.

RI.2.2 Identify the main topic of a multi-paragraph text and the focus of the individual paragraphs

Students are asked to identify the main topic of a longer text and determine the focus of each paragraph. For example, in a text about animals, they might recognize that the main topic is "different types of animals" and that one paragraph is about "mammals," while another focuses on "birds." This helps them better understand how a text is organized.

RF.2.4 Read with sufficient accuracy & fluency to support comprehension

Students are expected to read smoothly and accurately, so they can understand what they are reading. This means reading words correctly with ease and at a steady pace to help them focus on the meaning of the text. For example, when reading a story, they should be able to read most of the words without stopping too often to figure them out, allowing them to better understand the story’s plot and details.

In 2nd grade, Writing standards help students develop their skills in writing different types of texts. For opinion writing, they will express their thoughts on a topic and support their opinion with reasons. In informational writing, students will practice writing facts about a topic, organizing their ideas with key details and a simple introduction and conclusion.  For narrative writing, they will learn to write stories with a clear beginning, middle, and end, including important details and dialogue. These skills help students organize their ideas and communicate clearly through writing.

W.2.1 Write opinion pieces

Students are asked to write opinion pieces where they share their personal thoughts on a topic or book where they share their opinion and provide reasons to explain why they feel that way. 

W.2.2 Write informative/ explanatory texts

Students are asked to write informative or explanatory texts where they share information with the reader.

W.2.3 Write narratives

Students are asked to write stories where they tell about an event or a series of events. 

In 2nd grade, Operations and Algebraic Thinking standards focus on developing student's ability to solve addition and subtraction problems and understand patterns. They will learn to add and subtract within 100, using strategies like regrouping and breaking numbers apart. Students will solve word problems, create and extend number patterns, and understand the relationship between addition and subtraction. These skills help students build problem-solving abilities and prepare them for more advanced math concepts.

2.OA.A.1 Represent & solve problems involving addition & subtraction

Students use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve word problems involving adding, subtracting, putting things together, or comparing amounts. They solve one- and two-step problems by using drawings, equations, and symbols for unknown numbers. For example, in the problem "Sarai has 25 apples and picks 30 more. How many does she have now?" the student would add 25 + 30 = 55 apples. In another problem, "Tom had some candies. He gave away 20 and was left with 30 candies. How many candies did Tom start with?" the student would add 20+30= 50 candies. 

2.OA.B.2 Add & subtract within 20

Students are expected to fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies. This means they should be able to quickly recall within 3-5 seconds all sums of two one-digit numbers, such as 8 + 7 = 15 or 13 - 6 = 7, without needing to count on their fingers. This skill helps build a strong foundation for more complex math problems later on.

2.OA.C.3-4 Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations to multiply

Students are asked to determine if a group of up to 20 objects has an odd or even number of members. They can do this by pairing objects or counting them by twos. For even numbers, they will write equations to show the number as a sum of two equal addends (e.g., 8 = 4 + 4). They will also use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and 5 columns, writing an equation to express the total as a sum of equal addends (e.g., for an array with 4 rows and 3 columns, 4 + 4 + 4 = 12).

In 2nd grade, Numbers and Operations in Base Ten standards help students understand place value and work with larger numbers. They will learn to read, write, and compare numbers up to 1,000, understanding that each digit represents tens, ones, or hundreds. Students will also practice adding and subtracting within 1,000, using place value to make calculations easier. These skills help build a strong foundation for working with numbers and solving more complex math problems.

2.NBT.A.1-4 Understand place value

Students are expected to understand that a three-digit number represents hundreds, tens, and ones. For example, 706 means 7 hundreds, 0 tens, and 6 ones. They learn that 100 is a bundle of ten tens, called a "hundred," and numbers like 100, 200, and 900 represent one to nine hundreds with zero tens and ones. Students also count within 1000, skip-count by 5s, 10s, and 100s, and are able to read and write numbers up to 1000 in standard, word, and expanded form (300+50+8=358). They compare three-digit numbers based on the values of the hundreds, tens, and ones digits using the symbols >, =, and <.

2.NBT.B.5-9 Use place value & properties of operations to add & subtract

Students are expected to add and subtract fluently within 100 using strategies based on place value, the properties of operations, and the relationship between addition and subtraction. They also add up to four two-digit numbers using these strategies. Students will add and subtract within 1000 by using concrete models, drawings, and strategies, understanding how to apply place value and properties of operations. When adding or subtracting three-digit numbers, they add or subtract hundreds, tens, and ones, sometimes needing to compose or decompose tens or hundreds. They will also practice mentally adding or subtracting 10 or 100 to numbers between 100 and 900 and explain why their strategies work using place value and operation properties.

In 2nd grade, Measurement and Data standards help students learn to measure and organize information. They will practice measuring lengths using tools like rulers and understanding different units of measurement (inches, feet, centimeters). Students will also work on telling time to the nearest five minutes and solving word problems involving money. In data, they will collect and organize information into charts and graphs, then interpret the data to answer questions. These skills help students apply math to real-world situations and develop their problem-solving abilities.

2.MD.A.1-4 Measure & estimate lengths in standard units

Students are asked to measure the length of objects using appropriate tools like rulers, yardsticks, and measuring tapes. They will measure the same object twice, using different length units, and describe how the measurements relate to the size of the unit. They will also estimate lengths in inches, feet, centimeters, and meters. Additionally, they will compare the lengths of two objects, expressing the difference in terms of a standard length unit.

2.MD.B.5-6 Relate addition & subtraction to length

Students are asked to use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve word problems involving lengths that are given in the same units. They may use drawings, such as rulers, and equations with symbols to represent the unknown number. Additionally, they will represent whole numbers as lengths on a number line diagram, with equally spaced points for numbers 0, 1, 2, and so on, and will show whole-number sums and differences within 100 on the number line.

2.MD.C.7-8 Work with time & money

Students are asked to tell and write time from analog and digital clocks to the nearest five minutes, using a.m. and p.m. They also solve word problems involving money, such as counting dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, and using the $ and ¢ symbols correctly. For example, they might solve problems like: "If you have 2 dimes and 3 pennies, how many cents do you have?"

2.MD.D.9-10 Represent & interpret data

Students are asked to measure the lengths of several objects to the nearest whole unit, or to make repeated measurements of the same object. They then represent this data by creating a line plot with a horizontal scale marked in whole-number units. Additionally, they draw picture graphs and bar graphs to show data from up to four categories, using a single-unit scale. They solve simple problems like "put-together," "take-apart," or "compare" using information presented in a bar graph.

2.G.A.1-3 Reason with shapes & their attributes

In 2nd grade, students are asked to recognize and draw shapes based on specific attributes, like a certain number of angles or equal faces. They learn to identify shapes such as triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, and cubes. They also partition rectangles into rows and columns of equal-size squares and count the total number of squares. Additionally, they partition circles and rectangles into two, three, or four equal shares, describing the shares using terms like halves, thirds, and fourths, and recognizing that equal shares of the same whole do not always look the same.

In 2nd grade, Mathematical Practices standards focus on helping students develop strong problem-solving skills and a love for math. They will learn to make sense of problems and find ways to solve them, using different strategies and tools. Students will also work on explaining their thinking, looking for patterns, and checking their answers. They will practice thinking logically and persistently, even when the solution is not immediately clear. These practices help students become confident, flexible math learners who can approach challenges in thoughtful ways. 

Phonics standards help students build on their knowledge of letter sounds and patterns to read and write more complex words. The 3rd grade, they will learn to decode longer words by breaking them into syllables, and recognize common prefixes and suffixes (like “un-” or “-ly”) to understand word meanings. Students will also practice reading words with irregular spellings and continue to improve their fluency in reading. These skills help students read more confidently and understand a wider range of texts

In 3rd grade, Reading and Fluency standards help students become more confident readers of both fiction and nonfiction texts. They will practice reading with accuracy, fluency, and expression, so they can focus on understanding the meaning behind the words. Students will work on identifying key details, retelling the main idea of stories, and making connections to the text. They will also learn to differentiate between facts and opinions in nonfiction writing. These skills help students improve their reading comprehension and engage with a variety of text types more confidently.

RI & RL.3.1 Ask & answer questions to understand key details

Students build on what they learned by asking and answering more thoughtful questions to dig deeper into what they read. They still focus on the "who," "what," "where," "when," "why," and "how" questions, but now they're also learning to connect the details and think about how parts of a story or text fit together. For example, after reading, they might answer questions like, "What was the problem in the story, and how was it solved?" or "Why do you think the character made that choice?" This helps them develop a stronger understanding of the text and prepares them for more complex reading as they grow.

RL.3.2 Identify the central message & how key details convey that message

Students take the next step by identifying the central message, or lesson, in a story and explaining how the details in the story help show that message. For example, after reading a story about a character who never gives up, they might explain that the central message is "perseverance pays off" and point to specific events, like the character practicing over and over until they succeed. This helps them connect the story’s details to its deeper meaning and better understand what they read.

RI.3.2 Determine the main idea & explain how key details support main idea

Students learn to figure out the main idea of a text, which is what the text is mostly about, and explain how the key details support it. For example, if they read a passage about how bees are important, they might say the main idea is "bees help plants grow by pollinating them." Then, they would point to details like "bees carry pollen from flower to flower" and "pollination helps plants make seeds." This skill helps them understand how the details work together to explain the big idea of the text.

RF.3.4 Read with sufficient accuracy & fluency to support comprehension

Students are expected to read with accuracy and fluency, which means they should be able to read most words correctly and at a good pace. This helps them focus on understanding the meaning of the text, instead of getting stuck on individual words. For example, when reading a passage, they should be able to read smoothly without pausing too often to figure out words, allowing them to better understand the ideas and details in the text.

In 3rd grade, students will learn to write in three main ways: narrative, informational, and opinion. They will write narratives (stories) with a clear beginning, middle, and end, adding details and dialogue to bring their stories to life. In informational writing, they will organize facts and details to explain a topic clearly and logically. For opinion writing, students will share their thoughts on a subject, providing reasons to support their opinions. These skills help students express themselves more clearly and creatively in writing.

W.3.1 Write opinion pieces

Students are expected to write opinion pieces where they share their thoughts on a topic and explain why they feel that way. They should introduce the topic, clearly state their opinion, and give reasons to support it. They will also learn to use words like "because" or "and" to connect their ideas and end their writing with a conclusion. The goal is for students to express their opinions clearly and explain their reasoning in an organized way.

W.3.2 Write informative/explanatory texts

Students write to explain a topic by providing clear information and details. They introduce the topic, give facts and examples to explain it, and connect their ideas with words like "because" or "also." They finish their writing with a conclusion that sums up their ideas.

W.3.3 Write narratives

Students write stories about real or made-up events. They introduce characters or a narrator, arrange events in order, and use details and dialogue to make the story come to life. They use words like "first" and "next" to show the order of events and end the story with a conclusion.

In 3rd grade, Operations and Algebraic Thinking standards focus on helping students develop strong problem-solving skills with numbers. They will learn to solve multiplication and division problems and understand how these operations are related. Students will also practice using multiplication facts to solve word problems and explore patterns in numbers, like even and odd numbers. They will begin to understand the concept of factors and work with larger numbers, making connections between addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. These skills lay the foundation for more complex math concepts in the future.

3.OA.A.1-4 Represent & solve problems involving multiplication & division

Students learn to understand and use multiplication and division. They'll work on solving real-life word problems, like figuring out how many groups of something there are, or how to divide things evenly. They’ll practice multiplying and dividing numbers up to 100 and work on finding missing numbers in math problems. These skills will help them become confident in using math to solve everyday problems.

3.OA.B.5-6 Understand relationship between multiplication & division

Students learn how to break down multiplication and division problems into simpler steps using math rules, like understanding that 4 × 6 can be split into 4 × (3 + 3). They will also see how multiplication and division are related, so if 3 × 4 = 12, then 12 ÷ 4 = 3, helping them solve problems more easily.

3.OA.C.7 Multiply & divide within 100

Students work on getting really good at multiplying and dividing numbers up to 100, so they can quickly and easily recall multiplication and division facts when needed."

3.OA.D.8-9 Solve problems involving the four operations

Students learn to solve word problems that require both multiplication and division, using a step-by-step approach and explaining how they got their answers. They will also discover number patterns, like those in the multiplication table, to help them recognize how numbers work together and make solving problems easier.

3.NBT.A.1-3 Use place value understanding solve multi-digit arithmetic
In 3rd grade, Numbers and Operations in Base Ten standards focus on understanding place value and working with larger numbers. Students will learn to read, write, and compare numbers up to 1,000, understanding that each digit represents hundreds, tens, and ones. They will also practice adding and subtracting numbers within 1,000, using place value to break numbers apart and make calculations easier. Additionally, students will work on rounding numbers to the nearest ten or hundred. These skills help build a solid foundation for more advanced math concepts involving larger numbers.

In 3rd grade, Measurement and Data standards help students apply their math skills to real-world situations. They will practice measuring lengths using rulers and understanding different units of measurement, such as inches, feet, and centimeters. students will also work on telling time to the nearest minute and solving problems involving money. In data, they will collect and organize information into bar graphs and line plots, and learn to interpret the data to answer questions. These skills help students understand how measurements and data are used in everyday life.

3.MD.A.1-2 Solve problems involving measurement & estimation

Students learn to read and write time to the nearest minute, solve problems involving time intervals, and measure and estimate the volume of liquids and the weight of objects using units like grams, kilograms, and liters, while solving related word problems.

3.MD.B.3-4 Represent & interpret data

Students learn to create scaled pictures and bar graphs to represent data and solve problems like 'how many more?' or 'how many less?' using the graphs. They will also measure lengths with rulers marked in halves and quarters of an inch, and display the data on line plots.

3.MD.C.5-7 Understand area & relate it to multiplication & addition

Students learn to understand and measure area by using unit squares (like square centimeters or square inches) to cover shapes without gaps or overlaps. They will discover how the area of a rectangle can be found by counting unit squares or by multiplying the side lengths. They will also explore how to break down more complex shapes into smaller rectangles to find their total area and solve real-world problems, using addition and multiplication to connect area to other math concepts.

3.MD.D.8 Recognize perimeter & distinguish between linear & area

Students learn how to solve problems involving the perimeter of polygons, which is the total length around a shape. They will practice finding the perimeter when given side lengths, figuring out missing side lengths, and comparing different shapes that have the same perimeter but different areas, or the same area but different perimeters.

3.G.A.1-2 Reason with shapes & their attributes

In 3rd grade, Geometry standards help students understand shapes and their properties. They will learn to identify and classify 2D shapes like triangles, squares, and circles, as well as 3D shapes like cubes and spheres. Students will also explore the concepts of area and perimeter, learning to measure and calculate the space inside and around different shapes. Additionally, they will practice understanding angles and how to recognize right angles. These skills help students develop spatial awareness and a deeper understanding of how shapes and space work in the world around them.

In 3rd grade, Mathematical Practices standards help students become strong problem solvers and thinkers in math. They will learn to make sense of problems and find different ways to solve them, using various strategies and tools. Students will also practice explaining their thinking clearly, looking for patterns, and checking their answers to make sure they are correct. They will learn to think critically and persistently when faced with challenges. These skills help students approach math problems thoughtfully and build confidence in their math abilities. 

In 3rd through 5th grade, children strengthen their ability to manage emotions, further their skills to build positive relationships with adults, peers and their school community, and continue to build an awareness of how their decisions affect themselves and others. They learn and practice how to set goals, have and respect healthy boundaries, handle challenges, and resolve conflicts in constructive ways. These years focus on understanding different perspectives, and working well with others while making thoughtful choices that reflect care for themselves and their community.

In 4th grade, Reading and Fluency standards help students become more skilled and confident readers of both fiction and nonfiction. They will practice reading with fluency, paying attention to accuracy, expression, and appropriate pacing to improve comprehension. Students will read a variety of texts, including fictional stories and informational texts, and work on identifying key details, themes, and the main idea. They will also learn to make connections between texts, ask questions, and summarize what they've read. These skills help children better understand what they read and enjoy reading more.

RL&RI.4.1 Refer to details & examples in text to explain & infer

Students are expected to not only find details in a story or text but also use those details to explain their thinking and make inferences about what’s not directly stated. For example, they might explain why a character is feeling a certain way by pointing to what the character said or did in the story. Or, they could use facts from an article to figure out why something happened, even if it’s not clearly spelled out. This helps them become detectives who use clues from what they read to understand it better.

RL.4.2 Use details to determine a theme & summarize the text

Students deepen their skills by figuring out the theme of a story, which is the bigger idea or message, and summarizing the main events. They use specific details from the story—like what characters say, do, or feel—to explain the theme. For example, after reading a story about teamwork, they might say the theme is "working together leads to success" and summarize by describing the important events that show how the characters solved a problem as a team. This helps them think critically about the story and focus on what’s most important.

RI.4.2 Summarize the text by determining main idea using key details

Students build on their skills by finding the main idea of a text (what it is mostly about) and using key details to summarize it in their own words. Summarizing means focusing on the most important parts without adding extra information. For example, after reading a passage about how rainforests are being protected, they might explain that the main idea is "efforts to save rainforests" and include key details like "planting trees" and "creating nature reserves" in their summary. This helps them understand the text more deeply and organize their thoughts clearly.

RF.4.4 Read with sufficient accuracy & fluency to support comprehension

Students should be able to read longer texts with fewer mistakes and at a pace that allows them to understand the content. This means that when reading literature or informational text, they can recognize words quickly and read without frequent stops, while using expression, helping them focus on the story or main ideas and make connections between the details. 

In 4th grade, students will learn to write in three main styles: narrative, informational, and opinion. They will write narratives with clear details about characters, setting, and events, informational pieces by organizing facts and explaining topics, and opinion pieces where they state their opinion and support it with reasons. These skills help children express their ideas clearly and confidently, while also improving their ability to organize and support their thoughts in writing.

W.4.1 Write opinion pieces

Students are expected to write opinion pieces where they clearly state their opinion on a topic and support it with reasons and details. They should use facts to back up their opinion and organize their writing in a structured way. Students will also learn to use connecting words like "because" or "for example" to link their ideas, and they will end their writing with a strong conclusion that ties everything together.

W.4.2 Write informative/explanatory texts

Students write to explain a topic by giving clear information. They introduce the topic and group their ideas into sections. They use facts, details, and examples to explain their points and connect their ideas with words like "for example" or "in addition." The writing ends with a conclusion that ties everything together.

W.4.3 Write narratives

Students write stories with a clear beginning, middle, and end. They introduce characters, setting, and describe events in detail, using words that help the reader picture what’s happening. They use words like "first," "next," and "later" to organize the story and end with a conclusion that makes sense based on the events.

In 4th grade, Operations and Algebraic Thinking standards focus on developing students' ability to solve a variety of math problems. They will learn to multiply and divide multi-digit numbers, including using strategies like the distributive property and area models. Children will also practice solving word problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They will explore patterns and learn how to identify and extend number patterns. These skills help children understand relationships between numbers and prepare them for more advanced algebraic concepts in later grades.

4.OA.A.1-3 Use The four operations with whole numbers to solve problems

Students will learn to interpret and solve word problems involving multiplication and division, including comparing numbers using multiplication equations. They will practice solving multi-step problems, representing them with equations, and using strategies like estimation and rounding to check if their answers make sense.

OA.B.4 Gain familiarity with factors & multiples

Students will learn how to find all the factor pairs of a number between 1 and 100, which are two numbers that multiply together to make the given number. They will also understand that a number is a multiple of each of its factors. Additionally, your child will practice figuring out if a number is a multiple of a one-digit number and whether a number is prime (only divisible by 1 and itself) or composite (can be divided by numbers other than 1 and itself).

4.OA.C.5 Generate & analyze patterns

Students will learn how to create number or shape patterns based on a specific rule, like adding 3 each time. They will also notice patterns that aren't directly stated in the rule, such as how the numbers might alternate between odd and even, and be able to explain why this happens. 

In 4th grade, Numbers and Operations in Base Ten standards help children understand place value and work with larger numbers. They will learn to read, write, and compare numbers up to 1,000,000 and understand the value of each digit based on its place (ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.). Children will also practice adding and subtracting multi-digit numbers and rounding to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand. These skills strengthen their ability to work with larger numbers and lay the foundation for more advanced math concepts.

4.NBT.A.1-3 Generalize place value for multi-digit whole numbers

Students will learn how the value of digits in a number changes depending on their place, such as understanding that a digit in the hundreds place represents ten times the value of the same digit in the tens place. They will practice reading and writing multi-digit numbers in different forms, like number names and expanded form, and comparing them using symbols like >, =, and <. Additionally, they will use their understanding of place value to round multi-digit numbers to any place.

4.NBT.B.4-6 Use place value & properties of operations to solve problems

Students will become fluent in adding and subtracting multi-digit numbers using standard methods. They will also practice multiplying large numbers, such as a four-digit number by a one-digit number or two two-digit numbers, using place value and the properties of operations. Additionally, they will learn to divide large numbers, finding quotients and remainders, and explain their calculations using equations, arrays, and area models. 

In 4th grade, Measurement and Data standards help children apply math skills to real-world situations. They will practice measuring length in both metric and customary units (like inches and centimeters), and work with weight and volume measurements. Children will also learn to convert between different units of measurement (e.g., from inches to feet). In data, they will collect and organize data into graphs (like bar graphs and line plots), and use the data to solve problems. These skills help children understand how measurements and data are used in everyday life.

4.MD.A.1-3 Solve measurement problems & convert units from large to small

Students will learn how to understand the relationship between different units of measurement (such as kilometers and meters or pounds and ounces) and convert between them, like knowing that 1 foot equals 12 inches. They will solve real-world problems involving distances, time, volume, weight, and money, using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and express measurements in smaller units when needed. Your child will also apply formulas for finding the area and perimeter of rectangles, such as using the area to find missing dimensions in real-world situations like calculating the width of a room when the area and length are known.

4.MD.B.4 Represent & interpret data

Students will learn how to create line plots to display measurements that are fractions, such as 1/2, 1/4, or 1/8. They will use these plots to solve problems by adding and subtracting fractions. For example, they might look at a line plot of insect lengths and figure out how much longer the longest insect is compared to the shortest.

4.MD.C.5-7 Understand concepts of angles & measure angels

Students will learn about angles, understanding them as shapes formed by two rays that share a common endpoint. They will explore how angles are measured in degrees, using a protractor to measure and draw angles. They will also learn that angles can be added or subtracted, so when an angle is divided into smaller parts, the total measure of the angle is the sum of its parts. This will help them solve problems involving angles in both real-world and mathematical situations. 

4.G.A.1-3 Draw & identify lines & angles to classify shapes

In 4th grade, Geometry standards focus on helping children understand shapes and their properties. They will learn to identify and classify 2D shapes (such as squares, triangles, and circles) and 3D shapes (such as cubes and spheres), focusing on their sides, angles, and symmetry. Children will also explore the area and perimeter of rectangles and other shapes, learning how to calculate the space inside and around them. These skills help children develop spatial awareness and a deeper understanding of the world of shapes and geometry.

In 3rd through 5th grade, children strengthen their ability to manage emotions, further their skills to build positive relationships with adults, peers and their school community, and continue to build an awareness of how their decisions affect themselves and others. They learn and practice how to set goals, have and respect healthy boundaries, handle challenges, and resolve conflicts in constructive ways. These years focus on understanding different perspectives, and working well with others while making thoughtful choices that reflect care for themselves and their community.

In 5th grade, students focus on improving their reading fluency and comprehension with fiction and nonfiction texts. For fiction, they work on identifying themes, characters, settings, and plot elements while making inferences and predictions. For nonfiction, students learn to identify main ideas, supporting details, and text structures like cause and effect or problem and solution. They practice reading smoothly and with expression, understanding how punctuation and tone affect meaning. The goal is for students to read more confidently and understand what they read in both types of texts.

RL&RI.5.1 Quote accurately from a text when explaining & inferring

Students learn to quote accurately from a story or article to explain their ideas and make inferences (educated guesses). This means they use the exact words from the text to support what they’re saying. For example, if they infer that a character is brave, they might point to a quote where the character says or does something courageous. This skill helps them back up their thinking with evidence and become stronger readers and thinkers.

RL.5.2 Use character details to determine a theme & summarize the text

Students continue to determine the theme of a story (the big idea or message) and summarize it, but they focus more on how the character's actions, thoughts, and feelings reveal the theme. They also create more detailed summaries that capture the main events in the story without including unnecessary details. For example, after reading a story about a character who keeps trying even after failing, they might explain that the theme is "resilience through adversity" and summarize by highlighting the key events that show how the character overcame challenges. This helps them analyze the story more deeply and understand its meaning.

RI.5.2 Summarize the text by determining main idea using key details

Students are expected to summarize a text by identifying the main idea and using key details to support it. They focus on pulling out the most important information and explaining it clearly. For example, after reading a text about the history of space exploration, students might determine that the main idea is "the development of space exploration over time." They would then include key details, like "the first moon landing" and "the creation of the International Space Station," to show how the main idea is supported. This helps students organize information and understand the text more thoroughly.

RF.5.4 Read with sufficient accuracy & fluency to support comprehension

Students should read with confidence and fluency, which means reading longer and more complex texts accurately and at a steady pace. They are expected to understand what they’re reading without needing to pause often to figure out words. For example, when reading a nonfiction article or a story, they can read through it smoothly, which helps them focus on understanding deeper meanings and analyzing key details in the text.

In 5th grade, students strengthen their writing skills across three main types: narrative, informational, and opinion. In narrative writing, they create stories with clear beginnings, middles, and ends, developing characters and plots with descriptive details. In informational writing, they research topics and present facts in a logical order, supporting their ideas with evidence. For opinion writing, students express their views on a subject, backing up their opinions with reasons and examples. Across all writing types, students focus on clarity, organization, and proper grammar and punctuation.

W.5.1 Write opinion pieces

Students are expected to write opinion pieces that clearly state what they think about a topic and support their opinions with reasons and facts. They should organize their ideas logically, using connecting words like "because" or "for example" to explain their thoughts. Finally, they will wrap up their writing with a strong conclusion that ties everything together.

W.5.2 Write informative/explanatory texts

Students write to explain a topic in detail. They introduce the topic clearly, organize their ideas logically, and provide facts, examples, and quotes to support their explanation. They use specific words and phrases to connect their ideas and make their writing more precise. The writing ends with a strong conclusion that wraps up the information

W.5.3 Write narratives

Students write stories with clear events that happen in a specific order. They use techniques like dialogue and descriptions to bring the story and characters to life. They use words and phrases to help the reader follow the sequence of events, and they end the story with a conclusion that makes sense based on what happened in the narrative.

In 5th grade math, students focus on strengthening their skills in operations and algebraic thinking. They learn to perform multi-digit addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, with an emphasis on using these operations to solve real-world problems. Students also explore patterns, relationships, and how to use variables to represent numbers in simple equations. They begin to understand and apply the properties of operations, such as the distributive and associative properties, to solve problems more efficiently. The goal is for students to become confident in solving complex problems and thinking logically about numbers and equations.

5.OA.A.1-2 Write & interpret numerical expressions

Students focus on using symbols like parentheses, brackets, and braces in math problems. Students will learn to write simple expressions that show calculations, like “add 8 and 7, then multiply by 2” written as 2 × (8 + 7). They will also practice interpreting expressions, like understanding that 3 × (18932 + 921) means three times the total of 18932 + 921, without actually solving it. This helps students understand the structure of math problems and how operations relate to each other.

5.OA.B.3 Analyze patterns & relationships

Students create two number patterns based on different rules, such as "add 3" and "add 6," starting from 0. They will identify the relationship between the numbers in each pattern, noticing how one pattern might be double the other, like when adding 6 is always twice as much as adding 3. Students will then form pairs of corresponding numbers from the two patterns and plot them on a coordinate plane. For example, if one sequence is 0, 3, 6, 9 and the other is 0, 6, 12, 18, they will recognize that each number in the second sequence is twice the number in the first. This helps them understand how numbers relate to each other and how to graph these relationships.

In 5th grade, students focus on numbers and operations in base ten, which involves working with place value and performing calculations with large numbers. They learn to read, write, and compare multi-digit numbers up to the millions place. Students practice adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing whole numbers and decimals, using their understanding of place value to solve problems accurately. They also develop strategies for rounding numbers and estimating results. The goal is for students to confidently work with larger numbers and understand the value of each digit in a number based on its place.

5.NBT.A.1-4 Understand the place value system

Students learn how numbers work based on their place value, like how a digit in one place represents 10 times more than it does in the place to its right. For example, in the number 347.392, the 3 means 300, the 4 means 40, and the 9 means 9 hundredths. Students will also explore how multiplying by powers of 10 adds zeros to a number and how moving the decimal point works when multiplying or dividing by powers of 10. They’ll compare decimals up to the thousandths place, use symbols like >, <, and = to show which is larger, and practice rounding decimals.

5.NBT.B.5-7 Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers & decimals

Students multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm and find quotients of whole numbers with up to four-digit dividends and two-digit divisors. They will use strategies based on place value, multiplication, and division relationships to solve problems, and explain their calculations using equations, arrays, or area models. Students will also practice adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing decimals to the hundredths place. They will use concrete models or drawings to help with their calculations and connect these strategies to written methods, explaining how they arrived at their answers.

In 5th grade, students focus on measurement and data, developing skills to measure length, weight, volume, and time using both standard and metric units. They learn to convert between different units of measurement, such as from inches to feet or grams to kilograms. Students also collect, organize, and interpret data by creating graphs like line plots, bar graphs, and pictographs. They analyze data to find averages and make predictions, helping them solve real-world problems. The goal is for students to become comfortable working with measurements and data to make informed decisions.

5.MD.A.1 Convert like measurement units within a given system

Students learn how to convert between different units of measurement, like changing centimeters to meters, and use these conversions to solve real-world problems that involve multiple steps.

5.MD.B.2 Represent & interpret data

Students learn to create line plots to show measurements in fractions, like 1/2, 1/4, or 1/8. They will use these plots to solve problems, such as figuring out how to equally distribute a total amount of something (like liquid in beakers) based on the measurements shown on the line plot.

5.MD.C.3-5 Understand volume & relate it to multiplication & addition

Students learn that volume is the amount of space inside a solid figure, and they will measure volume using unit cubes, like cubic centimeters or cubic inches. They will understand how to find the volume of rectangular prisms by counting unit cubes or using multiplication, and apply formulas to solve real-world problems. They will also explore how volume can be added, such as when combining two non-overlapping rectangular prisms, to find the total volume.

In 5th grade, students explore geometry by studying shapes, angles, and their properties. They learn to classify and analyze two-dimensional shapes, such as triangles, quadrilaterals, and circles, based on their attributes. Students also study three-dimensional shapes, like cubes and spheres, and learn about volume and surface area. They measure and draw angles, recognize different types of angles (acute, obtuse, and right), and understand how to calculate the area and perimeter of various shapes. The goal is for students to develop a solid understanding of geometric concepts and apply them in problem-solving.

5.G.A.1-2 Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve problems

Students learn to use a coordinate system with two perpendicular number lines (axes) to locate points on a graph using ordered pairs of numbers. They will understand how the first number tells you how far to move along one axis, and the second number tells you how far to move along the other axis. They will also practice graphing points to represent real-world and math problems, and interpreting the coordinates to understand the situation.

5.G.B.3-4 Classify 2D figures into categories based on their properties

Students learn that certain characteristics of shapes, like how all squares have four right angles because they are rectangles, also apply to subcategories of those shapes. They will also practice classifying two-dimensional shapes based on their properties, organizing them in a hierarchy. 

In 3rd through 5th grade, children strengthen their ability to manage emotions, further their skills to build positive relationships with adults, peers and their school community, and continue to build an awareness of how their decisions affect themselves and others. They learn and practice how to set goals, have and respect healthy boundaries, handle challenges, and resolve conflicts in constructive ways. These years focus on understanding different perspectives, and working well with others while making thoughtful choices that reflect care for themselves and their community.